There is already strong evidence that the shingles vaccine is associated with a lower risk of dementia. But a review of available studies suggests that it may also be associated with a reduced risk of heart disease and stroke. This comes from a presentation at a recent cardiology conference, and it should be noted that the research appears to have been funded by a vaccine manufacturer. To be fair though, the results apply to both the older live-attenuated vaccine (Zostavax) and the newer recombinant formulation (Shingrix).

How it works

The proposed mechanism is that by preventing reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (herpes zoster), there is reduced vascular damage and inflammation in the arteries—both key contributors to cardiovascular disease. The virus can cause ongoing low-grade inflammation that affects blood vessel walls, so preventing its reactivation may have protective effects beyond just avoiding the painful rash of shingles.

Broader implications for vaccination

Tantalisingly, these effects may go beyond the shingles vaccine to a wide range of immunisations in older people. The theory is that vaccination provides stimulation and perhaps even rejuvenation of the immune system, offering benefits beyond the specific disease being targeted. This concept, sometimes called “trained immunity,” suggests vaccines may have broader health impacts than we traditionally understood.

The clinical message

This emerging evidence reinforces the importance of maintaining recommended vaccinations throughout life, not just in childhood. For healthcare professionals, it provides additional rationale when discussing adult vaccination with patients who may be hesitant. For eligible patients (generally those aged 65 and over, or 50 and over with certain risk factors) the shingles vaccine offers multiple layers of protection worth considering.